GBD & Global Health

Global Burden of Disease (GBD) & Global Health

Why Global Health?

Alongside my work in orthopaedic and mechanical engineering, I contribute to global health research through the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) collaborative at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). I view these areas as complementary scales of the same broader goal: using quantitative methods to better understand health and improve decision-making.

Engineering and biomechanics allow me to investigate focused problems such as musculoskeletal mechanics, surgical procedures, medical devices, and implant design. Global health research provides a different perspective, examining patterns of disease, injury, mortality, disability, and health inequality across populations and over time. Working across these scales allows me to contribute both to detailed engineering questions and to broader evidence that can help identify major health challenges and inform research and public-health priorities.

My GBD collaborations represent a complementary branch of my research activities alongside the core orthopaedic and mechanical engineering work of OMER Lab.

GBD Collaborative Publications

GBD 2023 Human Resources for Health Collaborators. (2026). Measuring the composition and availability of human resources for health by sex in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2023, and workforce gaps for universal health coverage: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Public Health, 11(9), e604–e629. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00145-3

DOI

@article{gbd2026hrh,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Human Resources for Health Collaborators}},
  title = {Measuring the composition and availability of human resources for health by sex in 204 countries and territories, 1990--2023, and workforce gaps for universal health coverage: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet Public Health},
  volume = {11},
  number = {9},
  pages = {e604--e629},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00145-3},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00145-3}
}

GBD 2023 Road Injuries Collaborators. (2026). Global, regional, and national burden of road injuries 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Public Health, 11(9), e589–e603. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00141-6

DOI

@article{gbd2026roadinjuries,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Road Injuries Collaborators}},
  title = {Global, regional, and national burden of road injuries 1990--2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet Public Health},
  volume = {11},
  number = {9},
  pages = {e589--e603},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00141-6},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00141-6}
}

GBD 2023 Meningitis & Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. (2026). Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, its risk factors, and aetiologies, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Neurology, 25(5), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(26)00101-8

DOI

@article{gbd2026meningitis,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Meningitis \& Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators}},
  title = {Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, its risk factors, and aetiologies, 1990--2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet Neurology},
  volume = {25},
  number = {5},
  pages = {451--468},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1016/S1474-4422(26)00101-8},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(26)00101-8}
}

GBD 2023 Lower Respiratory Infections Collaborators. (2026). Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 26(4), 343–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00689-9

DOI

@article{gbd2026lri,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Lower Respiratory Infections Collaborators}},
  title = {Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990--2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet Infectious Diseases},
  volume = {26},
  number = {4},
  pages = {343--361},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00689-9},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00689-9}
}

GBD 2021 AEMT Collaborators. (2026). Global burden of adverse effects of medical treatment from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine, 41(2), 350–366. https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2025.278

DOI

@article{gbd2026aemt,
  author = {{GBD 2021 AEMT Collaborators}},
  title = {Global burden of adverse effects of medical treatment from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease Study 2021},
  journal = {The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {41},
  number = {2},
  pages = {350--366},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3904/kjim.2025.278},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2025.278}
}

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators. (2025). Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406(10513), 1873–1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

DOI

@article{gbd2025diseasesinjuries,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators}},
  title = {Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990--2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  volume = {406},
  number = {10513},
  pages = {1873--1922},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X}
}

GBD 2023 Causes of Death Collaborators. (2025). Global burden of 292 causes of death in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406(10513), 1811–1872. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01917-8

DOI

@article{gbd2025causes,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Causes of Death Collaborators}},
  title = {Global burden of 292 causes of death in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1990--2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  volume = {406},
  number = {10513},
  pages = {1811--1872},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01917-8},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01917-8}
}

GBD 2023 Demographics Collaborators. (2025). Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950–2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406(10513), 1731–1810. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01330-3

DOI

@article{gbd2025demography,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Demographics Collaborators}},
  title = {Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950--2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  volume = {406},
  number = {10513},
  pages = {1731--1810},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01330-3},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01330-3}
}

GBD 2023 Vaccine Coverage Collaborators. (2025). Global, regional, and national trends in routine childhood vaccination coverage from 1980 to 2023 with forecasts to 2030: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406(10500), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01037-2

DOI

@article{gbd2025vaccination,
  author = {{GBD 2023 Vaccine Coverage Collaborators}},
  title = {Global, regional, and national trends in routine childhood vaccination coverage from 1980 to 2023 with forecasts to 2030: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  volume = {406},
  number = {10500},
  pages = {235--260},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01037-2},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01037-2}
}